Rice
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Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2
Aflatoxin, a toxin from a naturally occurring mold, is a Group 1 carcinogen proven to cause cancer in humans.
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Citrinin
Citrinin is a naturally occurring fungal metabolite produced by several species of the genera Penicillium and Penicillium which causes kidney and liver damage. Citrinin has been found to be mutagenic in hepatocytes and has been implicated as a potential cause of human Endemic Balkan Nephropathy as well as porcine nephropathy.
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Ochratoxin A
Ochratoxin is a mycotoxin produced by the fungus Aspergillus ochraceous and also by several species of Penicillium fungi. Ochratoxin has been known to cause kidney damage and decreased egg production in chickens. It is an immunosuppressant and is considered a potential carcinogen.