Citrinin is a naturally occurring fungal metabolite produced by several species of the genera Penicillium and Penicillium which causes kidney and liver damage. Citrinin has been found to be mutagenic in hepatocytes and has been implicated as a potential cause of human Endemic Balkan Nephropathy as well as porcine nephropathy. Because of concerns over citrinin contamination, Japan has issued an advisory limit of 200 ppb and the European Union has a recommended limit of 100 ppb.
